Basil downy mildew12/9/2023 ![]() This review explores the current efforts and progress being made in understanding basil downy mildew and its control. Fungicide efficacy studies have been conducted to evaluate current and newly developed conventional and organic fungicides for its management with limited success. In the past few years, plant breeding efforts have been made to identify germplasm that can be used to introduce downy mildew resistance genes into commercial sweet basils while ensuring that resistant plants have the correct phenotype, aroma, and tastes needed for market acceptability. Controlling the disease is challenging and consequently many crops have been lost. Global sweet basil production is at significant risk to basil downy mildew because of the lack of genetic resistance and the ability of the pathogen to be distributed on infested seed. ![]() basilicum) production worldwide in the past decade. The most widely grown of all the herbs, basil, is also highly susceptible to downy mildew, which spreads quickly through spores dispersed by wind and can wipe out an entire field or greenhouse. Basil downy mildew, caused by Peronospora belbahrii, has become an important disease in sweet basil (O. Basil (Ocimum spp.) is one of the most economically important and widely grown herbs in the world. ![]() Selecting basil genotypes with resistance against downy mildew. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Djalali Farahani-Kofoet R, Romer P, Grosch R. Infected plant material is not harmful to people or pets.Basil (Ocimum spp.) is one of the most economically important and widely grown herbs in the world. Basil downy mildew (Peronospora belbahrii): Discoveries and challenges relative to its control. Resistance against basil downy mildew in Ocimum species. Many herb growers are unaware of the disease and are not taking measures to protect their plants. Once plant infection is noted in the home garden, it is too late for control and plants should be removed. In Texas, basil downy mildew was first reported in 2010. Light inhibits spore production, so light may be used to aid in control in high tunnels or greenhouse situations. Control also includes cultural practices to reduce leaf wetness and humidity. In 2008 it was confirmed in both field- and greenhouse-grown basil crops, as well as home gardens across the eastern US and Canada. Any chemicals should be applied preventatively, according to the label, and may not provide good control once the disease can be seen sporulating on leaf tissue. Downy mildew has been the most common and most important (damaging) disease of basil in the United States (US) since it was first reported in south Florida in October 2007. The bio-rational fungicide, Actinovate, is also labeled on herbs, containing the bio-control micro-organism, Streptomyces. The phosphorus acid salts fungicide products are good for preventative control. The pathogen probably will not over-winter in Delaware, but could over-winter in a greenhouse or sheltered location. Images above courtesy of Margaret McGrath, Cornell University Īffected potted plants should have infected leaves removed or be discarded. All sweet basil varieties are susceptible, but research is ongoing to test for sources of resistance. The pathogen may be seed-borne, and asymptomatic plants may develop symptoms after sale. ![]() Field- and greenhouse-grown basil may be affected, and crop losses are observed as the reduction of marketable leaves during both the production and postharvest handling stages. Confirmation is dependent on microscopic observation. Downy mildew, caused by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora belbahrii, is one of the most important diseases affecting sweet basil worldwide. Spores are produced on the undersides of leaves, but can be confused with other fungi, dust and potting material. Symptoms include leaf yellowing, followed by dark lesions, and leaves of this popular herb become unusable. DOWNY MILDEW ON BASIL is caused by an Oomycete pathogen that only goes to basil, but can be devastating. ![]()
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